Intshayelelo

(Ukutshaja iBull kunye noMzobo wentombazana ongoyikiyo eNew York)

Imifanekiso eqingqiweyo yobhedu yenye yezona zinto zibalaseleyo kwaye zihlala zihleli emhlabeni. Zinokufumaneka kwiimyuziyam, kwiipaki, nakwiingqokelela zabucala kwihlabathi liphela. Ukusukela kwixesha lamandulo lamaGrike namaRoma ukuza kuthi ga namhlanje, imifanekiso eqingqiweyo encinci nenkulu yobhedu isetyenziselwe ukubhiyozela amaqhawe, ukukhumbula iziganeko zembali, nokuzisa ubuhle kwindawo esihlala kuyo.

Makhe siphonononge eyona mifanekiso iqingqiweyo yobhedu idumileyo ehlabathini. Siza kuxoxa ngembali yazo, abadali bazo, kunye nokubaluleka kwazo. Siza kuphinda sijonge kwimarike yemifanekiso eqingqiweyo yobhedu, nalapho unokufumana khona imifanekiso yobhedu ethengiswayo.

Ke nokuba ungumntu othanda imbali yobugcisa okanye uyabuxabisa nje ubuhle bomfanekiso oqingqiweyo wobhedu owenziwe kakuhle, eli nqaku lelakho.

UMfanekiso woManyano

Umfanekiso oqingqiweyo woManyano oseGujarat, eIndiya, ngowona mfanekiso umangalisayo wobhedu nongowona mde ehlabathini, ume kumgama oziimitha ezili-182 (iinyawo ezingama-597). Ukunika imbeko kuSardar Vallabhbhai Patel, umntu ophambili kwintshukumo yenkululeko yaseIndiya, ibonisa ubugcisa obumangalisayo.

Ubunzima obuziitoni ezingama-2 200, obulingana neejeti ezinkulu ezi-5, bubonisa ubungangamsha balo mfanekiso nobugcisa bobunjineli. Iindleko zemveliso yalo mfanekiso uqingqiweyo wobhedu zifikelele malunga ne-2,989 yezigidi zeerandi zaseIndiya (malunga nama-400 ezigidi zeedola zaseMelika), igxininisa ukuzinikela kukarhulumente ekuhlonipheni ilifa likaPatel.

Ulwakhiwo, oluthathe iminyaka emine ukugqitywa, lwafikelela kuvuthondaba ekutyhilweni kwalo esidlangalaleni ngo-Okthobha wama-31, 2018, olungqamana nesikhumbuzo seminyaka eli-143 yokuzalwa kukaPatel. Umfanekiso woBumbano umi njengophawu lomanyano, amandla, kunye nomoya wokunyamezela waseIndiya, utsala izigidi zabatyeleli njengophawu lwenkcubeko kunye nembali.

Ngelixa umfanekiso oqingqiweyo wokuqala woManyano ungengowomfanekiso wobhedu okhoyo othengiswayo, uhlala usisikhumbuzo senkcubeko nembali esitsala iindwendwe ezivela kwihlabathi liphela. Ubukho bayo obuphakamileyo, uyilo oluntsonkothileyo, kunye nezibakala ezibangel’ umdla ziyenza ibe luzuko oluphawulekayo kwinkokeli ehlonelwayo kunye nommangaliso wokwakha ofanele ukuzibonela mathupha.

L'Homme Au Doigt

(Ekhomba indoda)

I-L'Homme au doigt, eyenziwe ligcisa laseSwitzerland u-Alberto Giacometti, ngumfanekiso oqingqiweyo omkhulu wobhedu obekwe ekungeneni kweFondation Maeght eSaint-Paul-de-Vence, eFransi.

Lo mzobo wobhedu uziimitha ezi-3.51 ubude, ubonisa umzobo obhityileyo onengalo eyoluliweyo ejonge phambili. Ubuchule bobuchule buka-Giacometti kunye nophononongo lwemixholo ekhoyo buyabonakala kubungakanani bomzobo oqingqiweyo.

Ngaphandle kokubonakala kwayo, umfanekiso oqingqiweyo unobunzima obumalunga neekhilogram ezingama-230 (iikhilogram ezingama-507), ubonisa ukuqina kunye neempembelelo ezibonakalayo. Ngelixa ezona ndleko zemveliso zihlala zingaziwa, imisebenzi kaGiacometti iyalele amaxabiso amakhulu kwimarike yobugcisa, kunye ne "L'Homme au Doigt" ebeka irekhodi ngo-2015 njengowona mfanekiso ubiza kakhulu uthengiswa kwifandesi nge-141.3 yezigidi zeedola.

Ngokubaluleka kwenkcubeko kunye nobugcisa, umzobo uyaqhubeka ukhuthaza kwaye uthabathe iindwendwe, umema ukucinga kunye nokucamngca.

Umntu ocingayo

"Umcingeli," okanye "Le Penseur" ngesiFrentshi, ngumfanekiso oqingqiweyo ka-Auguste Rodin, oboniswe kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kwihlabathi jikelele, kuquka iMusée Rodin eParis. Lo mfanekiso ubalaseleyo ubonisa umntu ohleliyo ocamngcayo, owaziwa ngokuba neenkcukacha ezintsonkothileyo nokubamba ubunzulu beengcamango zomntu.

URodin uzinikele iminyaka eliqela kwimveliso enzima ye "The Thinker," ebonisa ukuzibophelela kwakhe kubugcisa. Ngelixa iindleko ezithile zemveliso zingekho, ubugcisa bobuchule bomfanekiso oqingqiweyo bucebisa utyalo-mali olubalulekileyo.

Iindidi ezahlukeneyo ze "The Thinker" zithengisiwe ngamaxabiso ahlukeneyo. Ngo-2010, i-bronze cast yafumana malunga ne-15.3 yezigidi zeedola kwifandesi, igxininisa ixabiso layo elikhulu kurhwebo lobugcisa.

Ukufanekisa amandla okucamngca kunye nokusukela ingqondo, "Umcingeli" uthwala ukubaluleka okukhulu kwenkcubeko kunye nobugcisa. Iyaqhubeka nokukhuthaza abaphulaphuli kwihlabathi jikelele, imema ukutolika komntu kunye nokucamngca ngemeko yomntu. Ukudibana nalo mfanekiso uqingqiweyo kukhuthaza ukubandakanyeka kunye nesimboli sawo esinzulu, ukuma njengobungqina bobuchule bobugcisa bukaRodin kunye nokunyamezela njengophawu lokuzihlola kunye nokufuna ulwazi.

Bronco Buster

(Broncho Buster nguFrederic Remington)

"I-Bronco Buster" ngumfanekiso oqingqiweyo wegcisa laseMelika uFrederic Remington, obhiyozelwa ngokubonisa iMelika yaseNtshona. Lo msebenzi ubalaseleyo unokufunyanwa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi, njengeemyuziyamu, iigalari, kunye neendawo zoluntu.

Ebonisa inkwenkwe yenkomo ekhwele ngenkalipho i-bronco, i-"Bronco Buster" ibamba amandla akrwada kunye nomoya wokuzingca wexesha lomda. Ume malunga neesentimitha ezingama-73 (ii-intshi ezingama-28.7) ubude kwaye unobunzima obumalunga neekhilogram ezingama-70 (iiponti ezili-154), lo mfanekiso uqingqiweyo ungumzekelo wokuthathela ingqalelo okucokisekileyo kuka-Remington kwiinkcukacha kunye nobuchule bokukrola ubhedu.

Ukudalwa kwe "Bronco Buster" kubandakanye inkqubo entsonkothileyo kunye nobuchule, efuna ubuchule obubalulekileyo kunye nezixhobo. Nangona iinkcukacha zeendleko ezithile zingekho, umgangatho wobomi bomfanekiso oqingqiweyo uthetha utyalo-mali olukhulu kwixesha nakwimathiriyeli.

U-Remington uzinikele ekufezekiseni imizobo yakhe eqingqiweyo, ehlala echitha iiveki okanye iinyanga kwiziqwenga zomntu ngamnye ukuqinisekisa ubunyani kunye nokugqwesa. Ngelixa ixesha elichanekileyo lika-“Bronco Buster” lisahleli lingachazwanga, kuyabonakala ukuba ukuzinikela kuka-Remington kumgangatho waqaqamba kubugcisa bakhe.

Ngokubaluleka okunzulu kwenkcubeko nembali, "iBronco Buster" ifanekisela umoya orhabaxa kunye nenkalipho yaseMelika eNtshona. Ivele njengophawu oluhlala luhleli lwexesha lomda, umdla abathanda ubugcisa kunye nabathandi bembali ngokufanayo.ntent

Ukudibana ne "Bronco Buster" kwiimyuziyam, iigalari, okanye iindawo zikawonke-wonke kunika umbono ochukumisayo kummandla omangalisayo we-American West. Kukumelwa okufana nobomi kunye nokwakhiwa okunamandla okukhuthaza ababukeli ukuba badibanise nomoya we-cowboy kunye namandla angaguqukiyo e-bronco, ukuhlawula imbeko kwilifa elicebileyo lomda waseNtshona.

Imbethi manqindi ekuphumleni

"Ibhokisi ekuphumleni," ekwabizwa ngokuba yi "The Terme Boxer" okanye "The Seated Boxer," ngumfanekiso oqingqiweyo wamandulo wamaGrike obonisa ubugcisa kunye nobuchule bexesha lamaGrike. Lo mzobo umangalisayo okwangoku ugcinwe kwiMuseo Nazionale Romano eRoma, eItali.

Umfanekiso oqingqiweyo ubonisa imbethi-manqindi ediniweyo nebethwayo ikwindawo ehleliyo, ibamba ubunzima bomzimba nangokweemvakalelo kulo mdlalo. Ime malunga neesentimitha eziyi-131 (ii-intshi ezingama-51.6) ukuphakama, “iBoxer at Rest” yenziwe ngobhedu kwaye inobunzima obumalunga ne-180 yeekhilogram (397 pounds), ingumzekelo wobuchule bokukrola ngelo xesha.

Ukuveliswa kwe "Boxer at Rest" kufuna ubugcisa obucokisekileyo kunye nengqalelo kwiinkcukacha. Ngelixa elona xesha lichanekileyo elithathiweyo ukwenza lo msebenzi wobugcisa ungaziwa, kuyabonakala ukuba ubufuna isakhono esibalulekileyo kunye neenzame zokubamba imvo yembethi-manqindi eyinyani kunye nemvakalelo.

Ngokumalunga neendleko zemveliso, iinkcukacha ezithile azifumaneki lula ngenxa yemvelaphi yayo yamandulo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuphinda kwenziwe umfanekiso oqingqiweyo ontsokothileyo noneenkcukacha ezinje bekuya kufuna izixhobo ezininzi kunye nobuchule.

Ngokwexabiso layo lokuthengisa, njenge-artifact yakudala, "i-Boxer at Rest" ayifumaneki ukuba ithengiswe ngendlela yendabuko. Ukubaluleka kwayo kwimbali nakwinkcubeko kuyenza ibe yinto yobugcisa exabisekileyo, igcina ilifa kunye nempumelelo yobugcisa yexesha lamaGrike. Nangona kunjalo, iiReplicas ziyafumaneka ukuba zithengiswe kwiMarbleism House.

“Imbethi-manqindi ekuphumleni” isebenza njengobungqina betalente ekhethekileyo kunye nobugcisa babakroli bamandulo bamaGrike. Ukuzotywa kwayo ngokudinwa kwembethi-manqindi kunye nokucinga kwayo kuvusa imvakalelo yovelwano nokuwuncoma umoya womntu.

Ukudibana ne "Boxer at Rest" kwiMuseo Nazionale Romano inika iindwendwe umbono wobugcisa beGrisi yamandulo. Ukumelwa okufana nobomi kunye nobunzulu beemvakalelo buyaqhubeka ukubamba abathanda ubugcisa kunye nababhali bembali, ukugcina ilifa lemifanekiso eqingqiweyo yamandulo yamaGrike kwizizukulwana ezizayo.

I-mermaid encinci

"I-Little Mermaid" ngumfanekiso oqingqiweyo othandwayo wobhedu obekwe eCopenhagen, eDenmark, kwibala lokuhamba eLangelinie. Lo mfanekiso uqingqiweyo, osekelwe kwintsomi kaHans Christian Andersen, uye waba ngumqondiso wesixeko kunye nomtsalane odumileyo wabakhenkethi.

Imi kumphakamo oziimitha ezi-1.25 (iinyawo ezi-4.1) yaye inobunzima obumalunga neekhilogram ezingama-175 (385 eekhilogram), “Incancakazi” ibonisa i-mermaid ehleli phezu kwelitye, ijonge elwandle. Iimpawu ezicekethekileyo zalo mfanekiso uqingqiweyo kunye nokuma okuhle kubamba umoya ochulumancisayo webali lika-Andersen.

Ukuveliswa kwe "Little Mermaid" yayingumzamo wentsebenziswano. Umkroli uEdvard Eriksen wenze umfanekiso oqingqiweyo ngokusekwe kuyilo lwenkosikazi kaEdvard, uEline Eriksen. Lo mfanekiso watyhilwa ngo-Agasti 23, 1913, emva kweminyaka emibini yomsebenzi.

contIxabiso lemveliso ye-“Nermaid encinci” ayifumaneki lula. Nangona kunjalo, kuyaziwa ukuba lo mfanekiso wawuxhaswa ngemali nguCarl Jacobsen, umseki weCarlsberg Breweries, njengesipho kwisixeko saseCopenhagen.ent

Ngokwexabiso lentengiso, "I-Little Mermaid" ayenzelwanga ukuthengiswa. Ngumsebenzi wobugcisa woluntu ongowesixeko kunye nabemi baso. Ukubaluleka kwayo kwenkcubeko kunye nokuxhamla kwilifa leDanish kwenza ukuba ibe ngumqondiso oxabisekileyo kunokuba ibe yinto yeentengiselwano zorhwebo.

“I-Little Mermaid” iye yajamelana nemingeni emininzi kule minyaka idlulileyo, kuquka ukonakaliswa kwempahla kunye nokuzama ukususa okanye ukuwonakalisa umfanekiso oqingqiweyo. Nangona kunjalo, iye yanyamezela kwaye iyaqhubeka ukutsala iindwendwe ezisuka kwihlabathi liphela ezize kuncoma ubuhle bayo kwaye zintywiliselwe kwimeko yentsomi.

Ukudibana ne "Little Mermaid" kwindawo yokukhwela iLangelinie inika ithuba lokuthakathwa ngomlingo webali likaAndersen. Umtsalane ongaphelelwa lixesha walo mfanekiso uqingqiweyo kunye nokunxulumana kwawo noncwadi nenkcubeko yaseDenmark kuwenza ube ngumfanekiso oxatyiswayo nohlala uhleli othi utsale umdla wabo bonke abawutyelelayo.

Umkhweli wehashe loBhedu

ISikhumbuzo Somkhweli Wehashe Lobhedu, nokwaziwa ngokuba ngumfanekiso oqingqiweyo kaPeter Omkhulu, ngumfanekiso oqingqiweyo obekwe eSt. Petersburg, eRashiya. Ime kwiSenate Square, indawo eyimbali kunye nesikwere esidumileyo esixekweni.

Eli litye lesikhumbuzo linomfanekiso oqingqiweyo wobhedu kaPeter Omkhulu kunobukhulu kunobomi okhwele kwihashe elikhulisayo. Ukuma ekuphakameni okumangalisayo kweemitha ezi-6.75 (iinyawo ezingama-22.1), umfanekiso ubamba ubukho obunamandla kunye nokuzimisela kwe-tsar yaseRashiya.

Ngobunzima obumalunga neetoni ezingama-20, iMonument yeBronze Horseman ngummangaliso wobunjineli. Kwakufuna ubuchule obungathethekiyo nobuchule ukwenza lo mfanekiso ubalaseleyo, nokusetyenziswa kobhedu njengeyona nto iphambili yongezelela kubungangamsha nokuqina kwawo.

Ukuveliswa kwelitye lesikhumbuzo kwakuyinkqubo ende necokisekileyo. Umkroli ongumFrentshi uÉtienne Maurice Falconet wayalelwa ukuba enze lo mfanekiso, yaye kwamthabatha ngaphezu kweminyaka eli-12 ukuwugqiba. Eli litye lesikhumbuzo latyhilwa ngowe-1782, laba lolona phawu lubalaseleyo lwaseSt.

Nangona iindleko ezichanekileyo zokuvelisa zingafumaneki ngokukhawuleza, kuyaziwa ukuba ukwakhiwa kwesikhumbuzo kwakuxhaswe ngemali nguCatherine Omkhulu, owayengumxhasi wezobugcisa kunye nomxhasi onamandla welifa likaPetros Omkhulu.

Isikhumbuzo soMkhweli-mahashe weBronze sinembali ebalulekileyo nenkcubeko eRashiya. Imele umoya wobuvulindlela kaPeter oMkhulu, odlale indima ebalulekileyo kwinguqu nokuphucula ilizwe. Lo mfanekiso uye waba luphawu lwesi sixeko kunye nembeko ehlala ihleli kwenye yeenkokeli zaseRussia ezinempembelelo.

Ukundwendwela iBronze Horseman Monument kuvumela abakhenkethi ukuba babuxabise ubukho balo obumangalisayo kwaye babuncome ubugcisa bobuchule obubandakanyekileyo ekudalweni kwaso. Njengomqondiso we-iconic e-St. Petersburg, iyaqhubeka ikhuthaza ukwesaba kunye nentlonipho, ibonisa imbali ecebileyo kunye nelifa lobugcisa beRashiya.