Kuyo yonke i-United States, imifanekiso eqingqiweyo yeenkokeli ze-Confederate kunye nabanye abantu bembali abanxulunyaniswa nobukhoboka kunye nokubulawa kwabantu bomthonyama baseMelika bayachithwa, bachithwa, batshatyalaliswa, bayafuduswa okanye basuswa emva koqhanqalazo olunxulumene nokusweleka kukaGeorge Floyd, indoda emnyama, emapoliseni. Ukugcinwa ngoMeyi 25 eMinneapolis.

ENew York, iMyuziyam yaseMelika yeMbali yeNdalo ibhengeze ngeCawa ukuba iya kususa umfanekiso oqingqiweyo kaTheodore Roosevelt, umongameli wama-26 wase-US, ngaphandle komnyango wayo ophambili. Lo mfanekiso ubonisa uRoosevelt ekhwele ihashe, ejikelezwe ngummi wase-Afrika waseMelika kunye nomthonyama waseMelika ohamba ngeenyawo. Imyuziyam ayikatsho ukuba izakwenza ntoni ngalo mfanekiso.

E-Houston, imifanekiso eqingqiweyo emibini ye-Confederate kwiipaki zoluntu isusiwe. Omnye waloo mifanekiso iqingqiweyo, uMoya weConfederacy, umfanekiso wobhedu omele ingelosi enekrele nesebe lesundu, wawumi eSam Houston Park iminyaka engaphezu kwe-100 kwaye ngoku ukwindawo yokugcina impahla kwisixeko.

Isixeko senze amalungiselelo okufudusa lo mfanekiso usiwe kwiMyuziyam yaseHouston yeNkcubeko yase-Afrika yaseMelika.

Ngelixa abanye bebiza kwaye bathathe inyathelo lokususa imifanekiso eqingqiweyo yeConfederate, abanye bayayikhusela.

E-Richmond, eVirginia, umfanekiso oqingqiweyo we-Confederate jikelele uRobert E.Lee uye waba liziko longquzulwano. Abaqhankqalazi bafuna ukuba lo mfanekiso uqingqiweyo uthotywe, kwaye iRhuluneli yaseVirginia uRalph Northam wakhupha umyalelo wokuba uwususe.

Nangona kunjalo, lo myalelo wavalwa njengoko iqela labanikazi bezakhiwo bafaka isimangalo kwinkundla yomdibaniso besithi ukususa umfanekiso oqingqiweyo kuya kuthoba ixabiso lezakhiwo ezingqongileyo.

Umgwebi we-Federal uBradley Cavedo ugwebe kwiveki ephelileyo ukuba lo mfanekiso uyipropati yabantu esekelwe kwi-deed of the structure ukusuka kwi-1890. Wakhupha umyalelo ovimbela urhulumente ukuba athathe phantsi ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe isigqibo sokugqibela.

Uphononongo luka-2016 olwenziwa yiSouthern Poverty Law Centre, umbutho ongenzi nzuzo wokuxhasa umthetho, wafumanisa ukuba kukho ngaphezu kwe-1,500 yeesimboli ze-Confederate yoluntu kulo lonke elase-US ngendlela yemifanekiso eqingqiweyo, iiflegi, iipleyiti zelayisensi karhulumente, amagama ezikolo, izitrato, iipaki, iiholide. kunye neziseko zomkhosi, ikakhulu zigxile eMzantsi.

Inani lemifanekiso eqingqiweyo yeConfederate kunye nezikhumbuzo ngelo xesha lalingaphezu kwama-700.

Iimbono ezahlukeneyo

Umbutho weSizwe woPhuhliso lwaBantu beBala, umbutho wamalungelo oluntu, ucele ukuba kususwe iimpawu ze-Confederate kwiindawo zoluntu kunye norhulumente iminyaka. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iimbono ezahlukeneyo malunga nendlela yokujongana nezinto zakudala zembali.

“Iyandikhathaza le nto kuba le yimbonakaliso yembali yethu, oku kukumelwa kwento ebesicinga ukuba ilungile,” utshilo uTony Brown, unjingalwazi ontsundu kwezentlalo yoluntu kunye nomlawuli weQela lokuSebenza ngobuhlanga kunye nobuhlanga kwiYunivesithi yaseRice. Kwangaxeshanye, sinokuba nenxeba eluntwini, kwaye asisacingi ukuba kulungile kwaye singathanda ukususa imifanekiso.

Ekugqibeleni, uBrown uthe angathanda ukubona imifanekiso eqingqiweyo ihlala.

“Sithanda ukufuna ukuyifihla imbali yethu. Sikholisa ukufuna ukuthi ubuhlanga asiyonxalenye yokuba singobani, asiyonxalenye yezakhiwo zethu, asiyonxalenye yemilinganiselo yethu. Ngoko ke, xa ususa umfanekiso oqingqiweyo, wenza imbali yethu ibe mhlophe, kwaye ukusuka ngoko ukuya phambili, ithande ukwenza abo basusa umfanekiso oqingqiweyo bazive ukuba benze ngokwaneleyo,” utshilo.

Ukungenzi izinto zihambe kodwa ukwenza izinto zibonakale ngomxholo kanye yindlela owenza ngayo abantu baqonde indlela ucalucalulo olungene nzulu ngayo, uBrown uyaxoxa.

“Imali yesizwe sakowethu yenziwa ngomqhaphu, kwaye yonke imali yethu iprintwa ngabamhlophe, abanye babo bengamakhoboka. Xa ubonisa olo hlobo lobungqina, uthi, linda umzuzu, sihlawula izinto ngekotoni eprintiweyo kunye nabanikazi bamakhoboka. Uyabona ke ukuba ucalucalulo lwendele kangakanani na,” utshilo.

UJames Douglas, unjingalwazi wezomthetho kwiYunivesithi yaseTexas Southern kunye nomongameli we-Houston isahluko se-NAACP, angathanda ukubona imifanekiso eqingqiweyo ye-Confederate isusiwe.

“Abananto yakwenza neMfazwe yamakhaya. Imifanekiso eqingqiweyo yamiselwa ukuhlonipha amajoni e-Confederate kunye nokwazisa ama-Afrika aseMelika ukuba abantu abamhlophe balawula. Zakhiwe ngenjongo yokubonisa amandla abantu abamhlophe ababenawo kuma-Afrika aseMelika,” utshilo.

Isigqibo sibethe nkqi

UDouglas ukwangumgxeki wesigqibo sikaHouston sokuhambisa uMoya womfanekiso weConfederacy kwimyuziyam.

“Lo mfanekiso uqingqiweyo kukunika imbeko kumaqhawe alwela amalungelo karhulumente, ingakumbi abo balwela ukugcina ama-Afrika aseMelika njengamakhoboka. Ngaba ucinga ukuba ukho umntu onokucebisa ukuba kubekwe umfanekiso oqingqiweyo kwiHolocaust Museum ethi lo mfanekiso umiselwe ukuhlonipha abantu ababulala amaYuda kwigumbi legesi?” wabuza.

Imifanekiso eqingqiweyo kunye nezikhumbuzo zezokunika imbeko abantu, utshilo uDouglas. Ukuzibeka nje kwimyuziyam yase-Afrika yaseMelika akuyisusi into yokuba imifanekiso eqingqiweyo iyabahlonipha.

KuBrown, ukushiya imifanekiso eqingqiweyo endaweni akumhloneli loo mntu.

“Kum, ibeka iziko ityala. Xa unomfanekiso weConfederate, awuthethi nto ngomntu. Ithetha into malunga nobunkokeli. Ithetha into malunga nawo wonke umntu otyikitye kulo mfanekiso, wonke umntu owathi lo mfanekiso ungowakhona. Andiqondi ukuba awufuni ukuyicima loo mbali,” utshilo.

UBrown uthe abantu kufuneka bachithe ixesha elingakumbi becinga ukuba kwenzeka njani na ukuba "sigqibe kwelokuba ngamagorha ethu ukuqala, sithatha isigqibo sokuba sigqibe kwelokuba silungile".

Intshukumo yeBlack Lives Matter inyanzela iMelika ukuba iphinde iphonononge ixesha layo elidlulileyo ngaphaya kwemifanekiso eqingqiweyo yeConfederate.

I-HBO isuse okwethutyana ifilimu ka-1939 iGone with the Wind kwiminikelo yayo ye-intanethi kwiveki ephelileyo kwaye iceba ukuphinda ikhuphe ifilimu yakudala ngengxoxo yembali yayo. Ifilimu iye yagxekwa ngokuzukisa ubukhoboka.

Kwakhona, kwiveki ephelileyo, i-Quaker Oats Co ibhengeze ukuba isusa umfanekiso womfazi omnyama kwipakethe yesiraphu ye-130 yeminyaka ubudala kunye ne-pancake mix brand u-Aunt Jemima kunye nokutshintsha igama layo. I-Mars Inc ilandele ekhondweni ngokususa umfanekiso womntu omnyama kwipakethe yohlobo lwayo lwerayisi oludumileyo luka-Uncle Ben kwaye yathi iya kuthiya ngokutsha.

Ezi mpawu zimbini zagxekwa ngenxa yemifanekiso yazo eqingqiweyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwembeko ebonisa ixesha apho abantu abamhlophe basemazantsi babesebenzisa “umakazi” okanye “umalume” kuba babengafuni ukubiza abantu abantsundu ngokuthi “Mnu” okanye “Nkosikazi”.

Bobabini uBrown kunye noDouglas bafumana intshukumo ye-HBO inengqondo, kodwa bajonga iintshukumo zezi nkampani zimbini zokutya ngokwahlukileyo.

Umboniso ongalunganga

“Yinto elungileyo ukuyenza,” watsho uDouglas. “Sifumene iinkampani ezinkulu ukuba ziqonde ubuxoki beendlela zabo. Ba (bathi), 'Sifuna ukutshintsha kuba siyaqonda ukuba lo ngumfanekiso ongalunganga wama-Afrika aseMelika.' Bayayazi ngoku kwaye bayayilahla. ”

KuBrown, ukuhamba yenye indlela yokuba iinkampani zithengise iimveliso ezininzi.

Abaqhankqalazi bazama ukudiliza umfanekiso oqingqiweyo ka-Andrew Jackson, owayengumongameli wase-US, eLafayette Park phambi kwe-White House ngexesha loqhanqalazo lokungalingani ngokobuhlanga eWashington, DC, ngoMvulo. UYOSHUWA ROBERTS/REUTERS